ON A COLLECTION OF YANGSHAO CULTURAL REMAINS FROM MIENCHIHHSIEN, HONAN

When surveying the Cenozoic geology between Loyang and Sian, the authors had an opportunity of visiting the famous Aeneolithic sites at Yangshaotsun (仰韶村) and Puchiaochai (不召塞), Mienchihhsien, Honan pro-     

ON THE CENOZOIC GEOLOGY BETWEEN LOYANG AND SIAN

Bordered by the Chungtiaoshan (中條山) on the North and the Tsinling (秦嶺) on the South, the area between Loyang and Sian, where the Huangho River hits and follows the old Weiho valley has been known for a long time to be specially rich in Cenozoic formations     

An Early Tertiary Vertebrate Fauna from Yuauchü

In the Yuanchü-Mienchih border along the Huangho,a very promis-ing early Tertiary basin was known and first reported by Andersson.~1The fauna was later described by Zdansky.~2 Although most of the formsdescribed are in bad condition of preservation,this basin represents so     

ON THE DISCOVERY OF A NEW DICYNODON IN SINKIANG~1

One of the most important results obtained by the Sino-Swedish Expedition led to Sinkiang by Dr. Sven Hedin during the years 1925-1931, has been the discovery, by Professor Yuan, of a rich Permo-Triassic reptilian     

THE LATE CENOZOIC FORMATIONS OF S.E.SHANSI

Up to 1931 nothing was positively known concerning the Cenozoicformations eventually preserved in S.E.Shansi.The large area bounded by     

THE LATE CENOZOIC FORMATIONS OF S.E.SHANSI

Up to 1931 nothing was positively known concerning the Cenozoicformations eventually preserved in S.E.Shansi.The large area bounded by     

四川歌乐山哺乳动物群

四川歌乐山洞穴沉积中之哺乳动物化石,为除万县之洞穴沉积以外最丰富之‘剑齿象—熊猫动物群’之材料。其中包括三十五属,共四十一种分属於八目内,中有新属新种二及新种八。分析此化石地点所代表者均属一动物群,仅第五十一地点有较古老型之动物之存在。若与华南各地如四川万县,广西武呜,云南富民,江苏丹阳及江西乐平之洞穴沉积中之化相比较可知俱为同一时期之动物。其主要之代表竹鼠,豪猪,熊,虎,剑齿象,貘,犀,猪等统之‘剑齿象—熊猫动物群’。此动物群与北京附近周口店之洞穴沉积为同一时期者。王林(G.H.R.von Koenigswald)及寇鲁伯(E.H.Colbert)称此动物群为“中国—马来动物群”与时代更老之下更新统之“印度—马来动物群”不同。但动物之发源与迁移常来往频烦,殊不限于一个方向之移入或迁出。故某一动物群之是否原生常就其中所具代表性之动物移入成份之多寡而决定之。歌乐山之动物群,亦即‘剑齿象—熊猫动物群’为一原生华南之动物群,受华北,印度及爪哇三方面动物移入之混合组成。其中以华北移入之份子较多,但此种参加之份子不足以影响此动物群之原生性。如标准之北方动物,兔,骆驼,马及羚羊等在此并无发现。而原生南方之剑齿象,熊猫,貘...     

Primary versus secondary and subaerial versus submarine hydrovolcanic deposits in the subsurface of Jeju Island, Korea

Jeju Island is a Quaternary shield volcano built upon the Yellow Sea continental shelf off the Korean Peninsula. Decades of borehole drilling reveals that the shield‐forming lavas of the island are underlain by extensive hydrovolcanic deposits (the Seoguipo Formation), which are about 100 m thick and show diverse depositional features. This study provides criteria for distinguishing between hydrovolcanic deposits formed by primary (pyroclastic) and secondary (resedimentation) processes in subaerial and submarine settings based on the observations of several selected cores from the formation. Five facies associations are identified, including: (i) primary hydrovolcanic deposits formed by pyroclastic surges and co‐surge fallouts in tuff rings (facies association PH_TR); (ii) primary hydrovolcanic deposits formed by Surtseyan fallout and related pyroclastic transport processes in tuff cones (facies association PH_TC); (iii) secondary hydrovolcanic deposits formed by debris flows, hyperconcentrated flood flows, sheet floods and rill flows in subaerial settings (facies association RH_AE); (iv) secondary hydrovolcanic deposits formed in submarine settings under the influence of waves, tides and occasional mass flows (facies association RH_MAR); and (v) non‐volcaniclastic and fine‐grained deposits formed in nearshore to offshore settings (facies association NV_MAR). The primary hydrovolcanic facies associations (PH_TR and PH_TC) are distinguished from one another on the basis of distinct lithofacies characteristics and vertical sequence profiles. These facies differ from the secondary hydrovolcanic and non‐volcaniclastic facies associations (RH_AE, RH_MAR and NV_MAR) because of their distinctive sedimentary structures, textures and compositions. The depositional processes and settings of some massive and crudely stratified volcaniclastic deposits, which occur in many facies associations, could not be discriminated unambiguously even with microscopic observations. Nevertheless, these facies associations could generally be distinguished because they occur typically in packets or sequences, several metres to tens of metres thick and bounded by distinct stratigraphic discontinuities, and comprise generally distinct sets of lithofacies. The overall characteristics of the Seoguipo Formation suggest that it is composed of numerous superposed phreatomagmatic volcanoes intercalated with marine or non‐marine, volcaniclastic or non‐volcaniclastic deposits. Widespread and continual hydrovolcanic activity, together with volcaniclastic sedimentation, is inferred to have persisted for more than a million years in Jeju Island under the influence of fluctuating Quaternary sea‐levels, before effusion of the shield‐forming lavas. Extensive distribution of hydrovolcanic deposits in the subsurface of Jeju Island highlights that there can be significant differences in the eruption style, growth history and internal structure between shelfal shield volcanoes and oceanic island volcanoes.